Hypertension

 Hypertension is characterized by increased systemic arterial blood pressure (systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure) (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg), and may be accompanied by the functions of the heart, brain, kidneys and other organs Or the clinical syndrome of organic damage. Hypertension is the most common chronic disease and the most important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Normal people's blood pressure fluctuates within a certain range with changes in internal and external environments. In the overall population, blood pressure levels gradually increase with age, with systolic blood pressure being more pronounced, but after the age of 50, the diastolic blood pressure shows a downward trend, and the pulse pressure also increases. In recent years, people’s understanding of the role of multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease and the protection of heart, brain, and kidney target organs has continued to deepen, and the diagnostic criteria for hypertension have also been continuously adjusted. It is currently believed that patients with the same blood pressure level are at risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Different, so there is the concept of blood pressure stratification, that is, patients with different risks of cardiovascular disease should have different appropriate blood pressure levels. Evaluation of blood pressure and risk factors is the main basis for diagnosing and formulating hypertension treatment plans. Different patients have different goals for hypertension management. When facing patients, doctors will judge the most appropriate blood pressure for the patient based on the reference standards based on their specific conditions. Scope, adopt targeted treatment measures. On the basis of improving lifestyle, it is recommended to use 24-hour long-acting antihypertensive drugs to control blood pressure. In addition to assessing the blood pressure in the office, patients should also pay attention to the monitoring and management of family morning blood pressure to control blood pressure and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.