When blood flows in blood vessels, it puts pressure on the wall of blood vessels, which is called blood pressure. It includes systolic pressure and diastolic pressure: systolic pressure refers to the pressure of blood on the wall of blood vessels when the heart is contracting; diastolic pressure refers to the pressure of blood on the wall of blood vessels when the heart is relaxing. Many factors will make blood pressure rise, reaching a certain standard is hypertension. The harm of hypertension lies in the damage to the heart, brain, kidney and other important organs of patients, resulting in serious lesions, and even stroke, myocardial infarction, renal failure and other disability, fatal accidents. On the division of normal blood pressure and hypertension, the latest regulations of the World Health Organization are: adult systolic blood pressure < 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg is normal blood pressure; systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg is hypertension. If your blood pressure exceeds the normal standard three times in a row (not in the same day), you may have hypertension. At this time, you should go to the hospital in time.
Hypertension is divided into primary and secondary. Secondary hypertension is caused by some specific diseases such as acute and chronic nephritis, which only accounts for a small number of patients with hypertension (about 5-10%). And we usually say hypertension refers to primary hypertension, accounting for more than 90% of patients with hypertension. The etiology of essential hypertension has not been completely clear. It is generally believed that it is related to many factors, such as heredity, bad living habits and so on. The stage of hypertension is based on the level of blood pressure and the damage of target organs (heart, brain and kidney). Recently, the sixth report of the Joint Committee on the prevention, evaluation and treatment of hypertension in the United States classified adult hypertension as follows:
Staged systolic blood pressure (high pressure) (mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (low pressure) (mmHg)
Ideal blood pressure < 120 and < 80
Normal blood pressure < 130 and < 85
Normal high limit 130-139 and / or 85-89
hypertension
Stage1 140-159 and / or 90-99
Stage 2 160-179 and / or 100-109
Stage 3 ≥ 180 and / or ≥ 110
According to the degree of damage to heart, brain and kidney, hypertension can be divided into three stages: stage I without heart, brain and kidney damage; stage II with heart, brain and kidney damage, but the function is still compensatory; stage III with cerebral hemorrhage, heart failure, renal failure, etc.
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